Contrast Of Romeo And Juliet and West Side Story Essay

Works Cited Missing Three Hundred Fifty Years of Blind Love: A Contraposition of Shakespeare and Robbins’ Romeo and Juliet Andy Warhol once said, They say that time changes things, but actually you have to change them yourself. Two hundred fifty years passed between the original Romeo and Juliet and the premiere of West Side Story on Broadway in 1957. However, time did not change the message of the story, simply the creators’ unique visions evolved. Shakespeare’s delivery of the timeless tale of desperate love in his classic Romeo and Juliet proves to only intensify through retelling and modern interpretation. Audiences cherish Romeo and Juliet as one of the most beloved plays of all time from the Elizabethan Age to the present.†¦show more content†¦The mischievously tomboyish Anybodys, who desperately wants to be a Jet, would best fit into the role of Balthasar, since it was she who aided Tony in escaping after the rumble, as well as later informing the other Jets that Ton y was being hunted. Finally, the character of Doc appears to fulfill the role of Friar Laurence because both possess somewhat of a peacekeeping nature. Doc attempts to get through to Tony by dramatically pleading, Why do you live like there’s a war on? Why do you kill? (2.5). All of the characters are consistent to the heart and soul of the story as well as the slightly differing plots. West Side Story maintains Romeo and Juliet’s intricate and exciting plot using appropriate adaptations to accommodate mid-twentieth-century pop culture. For instance, both artistic forms portray mutual disrespect between the parties. At the dawn of Romeo and Juliet, Capulet’s cohorts harass Montague’s. I will bite my thumb at them; which is a disgrace to them, if they bear it, boasts Sampson (1.1.42-43). In the opening scene of West Side Story, several members of a Puerto Rican gang insult A-rab, a member of the opposing gang. It is here where Lieutenant Schrank becomes aware of the potential rumble. In Romeo and Juliet Escalus, Prince of Verona, threatens, If ever you disturb our streets again, your lives shall pay theShow MoreRelated Romeo and Juliet / West Side Story - A Comparison / Contrast1008 Words   |  5 Pagesnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet and West Side Story both have a lot in common as well as major differences that set them apart. Although West Side Story is a direct rendition of Shakespeares original play, many of the themes and symbols are altered to fit the modern perspective. The characters have a direct correlation to each other, yet racial issues give them a new light. Many of the events also reflect each other, yet small differences give them uniqueness. West Side Story differs from Romeo and JulietRead MoreSimilarities And Differences Between Romeo And Juliet And West Side Story1025 Words   |  5 PagesShakespeares Romeo and Juliet and Arthur Laurents West Side Story both have a lot in common as well as major differences that set t hem apart. Although West Side Story is a direct rendition of Shakespeares original play, many of the themes such as love, and conflict are altered to fit the modern perspective. The idea that blinded love and sheer hatred can lead to rash decisions is very present in both storylines. Romeo Juliet and West Side Story both portray love and conflict throughout theirRead MoreA Comparison Of Beyond The Love Story And West Side Story1483 Words   |  6 Pagesthe love story People are always rewriting other people’s stories - consciously or unconsciously - cutting and trimming, pasting, rearranging, and adjusting to new times and circumstances, sometimes adding truly creative elements and occasionally actually improving on the original. The Tragicall Historye of Romeus and Juliet which was a narrative poem by Arthur Brooke is considered to be William Shakespeares base source for his famous play Romeo and Juliet (Mabillard). West Side Story (1961) isRead MoreRomeo and Juliets Love1469 Words   |  6 PagesRomeo and Juliet’s love was doomed from the start. Juliet’s lust for power ( Thats a very interesting idea. I only thought she had the boy-girl kind of lust. ) was destined to destroy her relations with Romeo.   Capulet forces (betroths) Juliet to marry Count Paris, a man she does not love.   When she refuses to marry him, Capulet threatens his daughter and says, â€Å"†¦get thee to church o Thursday, or never after look me in the face†. This causes Juliet to take her own actions against his (her?)   father’sRead MoreWest Side Story Compared to Romeo and Juliet3084 Words   |  13 PagesWest Side Story written by Arthur Laurents is actually a modern adaptation of Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet. The West Side Story is set in Upper West Side Manhattan. It is about rivalry between two teenage gangs of different backgrounds. Anton, a member of the white gang, fell in love with Maria, the sister of the leader of the rival Puerto Rican gang. Romeo and Juliet is undoubtedly the most popular romantic love story to ever hit the literary world. It talks about intense passion between theRead MoreEssay on Consequences of Love and Hate Explored in Romeo and Juliet1075 Words   |  5 PagesWilliam Shakespeare, the play Romeo and Juliet is written in a poetic disquisition that distinguishes many timeless themes. These themes transcend the boundaries of this perennial classic into the foundation of many prevailing modern-day literary workings. Shakespeare wrote Romeo and Juliet in the late fifteen hundreds in the riveting city of Verona, Italy, where it has since been revered as one of the most preeminent and recognized play’s in history. Romeo and Juliet explores the extents of humanRead MoreComparison Between Act 3 Scene 1 in Franco Zeferellis Romeo and Juliet and in Baz Luhrmans Romeo and Juliet621 Words   |  3 PagesZeferellis Romeo and Juliet and in Baz Luhrmans Romeo and Juliet I am going to compare the two pieces of Romeo and Juliet, Act 3 Scene 1 that I have been studying for the past few weeks. I have been looking at; Camera shots, setting, special effects, moods, costumes, characters, etc. These things are severely thought of by the director before and during the making of the film. I have been looking at Baz Luhrmans Romeo and Juliet and Franco Zeferellis Romeo and JulietRead MoreThe Ways that Shakespeare Makes Act 1 Scene 5 of Romeo and Juliet Dramatically Effective1936 Words   |  8 PagesThe Ways that Shakespeare Makes Act 1 Scene 5 of Romeo and Juliet Dramatically Effective The play ‘Romeo and Juliet’ was written by a well-known person called Shakespeare in 1595. In the play Shakespeare has dramatically presented the tragic story of two family’s enemies. The whole play revolves around the two major themes of the play which are love and hate. Both themes have an astonishing effect on the play. If we put these two themes together it develops in to a tragedyRead MoreTo Explore and Examine the Different Forms of Love Within Romeo and Juliet1908 Words   |  8 PagesRomeo and Juliet was written by William Shakespeare as a play for the theatre. William Shakespeare took his idea from an Italian folk story and is heavily influenced by sonnets which where developed by Francesco Petrarch an Italian poet. Shakespeare took most of his inspiration for Petrarch for demonstrating love with in the poem. William Shakespeare wrote most his plays with three main themes. These themes are gang warfare, Young love and a moral in the tale. William Shakespeare is now widelyRead MoreAppropriation of Romeo and Juliet by Shakespeare and Romeo+Juliet by Baz Luhrmann2533 Words   |  11 PagesDiscuss the appropriation of ‘Romeo and Juliet’ by William Shakespeare and ‘Romeo+Juliet’ by Baz Luhrmann Texts and ideas from texts are appropriated and transformed into other text forms and other compositions in a different context. An appropriation is a text that is appropriated or taken over by another composer and presented in a new way. ‘Romeo and Juliet’ is a well-known high culture text that is a tragedy about two young star-crossed lovers whose deaths ultimately unite their feuding families

Are we at the end of social housing Free Essays

string(33) " it can control their financial\." 1. Introduction The essay will try to answer for one question: Are we at â€Å"The End of Social Housing†. To understand good this problem the meaning of social housing should be presented, short history of this occurrence. We will write a custom essay sample on Are we at the end of social housing? or any similar topic only for you Order Now As it is presented in next chapter the beginning of social housing grew out of human’s help. At the beginning it didn’t bring any material profit. People did it to help other poorer people. Social housing whole time is integrated with politics, government and local leaders decisions. The most successful actions are taken when are consulted with people which need this help and people from their local neighborhood. Even the poorest people need place when they can spend their life in good, silent and suitable conditions. During the years it has changed, first social houses built and management by government than enter to the market more and more private landlords. At the end of this essay author will try to answer on this difficult question. 2. Social housing To start answer for this question it should be presented definition of social housing and short history associated with this terminology. 2.1. Social housing definition â€Å"Social housing is housing that is let at low rents and on a secure basis to people in housing need. It is generally provided by councils and not-for-profit organisations such as housing associations† (Shelter 2009). 2.2. History of social housing The beginning of social housing was in 19th century in London. In the 1888 was created London County Council and in 1890 legislation for other Local Authorities. The idea was to build houses and give help during building process for people in needed. Before this time there were just some acts when individual people helped another people to find or build houses. In the 1900 was opened first social housing estate called: Boundary Estate in Bethnal Green. Houses were small but people had much higher standard than in old houses in this place. One of the problem in this social housing estate was that death rate was very high. By the 1914 it was built by Local Authorities just 24 000 social homes. People leaving in poor households in uncomfortable conditions, people with health problems, families with many members received little financial support from local sources. During the First World War city’s population increased rapidly. It was the effect of demand for workers in munitions factories. Landlords increased rents because demand for housing was high. As the result people want on streets and protested for wage increase. In the 1919 Housing and Town Planning Act passed by the Liberal Government confirmed rent controls. It was the time for Local Authority housing to build houses for rent. To the 1929 government, in his program â€Å"Homes for Heroes† build 250 000 homes. In the 1923 Conservative Government sought to introduce legislation which were going to involvement of the private sector with subsidies to build to rent. Change of government in the 1924 has not led to these changes. Rent control has been suspended so the private sector recorded high growth in housing building. Before the Second World War there ware build about 600 000 social homes. The devastation of the Second World War many cities were built anew. New roads were determined, the redevelopment of many town centers was planned. Easy reach from residential place to place where people w ere working was very important. Planning the building social houses process was one of the major topic of political quarrel. In the 1962 Minister for Housing and Local Government Keith Joseph set the target of 400 000 houses a year, as it was turned out it was impossible. During the building process, many times, attached more attention to quantity than quality. Between 1955 and 1970 there were build new Local Authority flats for indigent people. In the 1965 Labour Government introduced Rent Act containing stricter rent control. Between 1945 and 1965 year, 2.9 million social housing houses had been build. In the 1980 the total number of social housing units was round 5.5 million units it was 32% of housing stock. About one third (1.8 million) of all social houses were sold up to year 2008, what made sold houses as part of the regular housing stock. The number of new social homes decreased from 100,000 houses/year in 1970s to 30,000 houses/year in 1990s. In years 2006-2007 the number of new homes was 44,000 houses/year. Social home building has been almost exclusively carried out by housing associations (Greenhalgh Moss 2009:17-24). 2.3. Existing system Nowadays government is looking for savings in many sectors as f.eg. social housing. In many newspaper’s articles people can find information about cuts in social housing budget in England. Those cuts can be at the level of 50%. There are many voices that it can mean the beginning of end of building new social houses. The government transferred in 2009-2010 ?3.3 bn on new 30,877 low cost rented properties and 22,079 new cheap homes to buy trough the Homes and Communities Agency quango (BBC News 2010). The government meets also problems when some families with many members live in small houses and in next house there are family with bigger house and empty room. It is one of challenge for government to maximum use of rooms and houses. Author of this article give us the number of eight million tenants in social housing in England (BBC News 2010). In another article author presents prime minister’s opinion. David Cameron note that it is a problem for how long people need c ouncil home (Wintour 2010). How long time people need to earn enough money to move to private sectorThere are many other questions like if people will know their family budget will increase and they will be moved to private sector they will workThose questions aim at shorter waiting list for council homes. Prime Minister David Cameron suggested that tenants in England should get just fixed-term contracts it can control their financial. You read "Are we at the end of social housing?" in category "Essay examples" After the expiry of the contract it can be reassigned or the tenant should go to private sector (Wintour 2010). Housing charities said that it can be big problem when poor people will not work, because of financial circumstances will be better (Macmillan 2010). In the same article Sarah Webb, CIH Chief Executive presented own opinion that people should have chance to chose how long contract term will last. Shorter period contracts can be more adequate for people with tempora ry problems, longer terms can be suitable for older people and people with health problems. 2.4. The Localism Bill as a new era of people power The Bill was presented to Parliament on 13th December 2010 than on 17th January 2011 the House of Commons debated the most important principles of the Bill. The Commons determined that the Bill should be given its Second Reading and sent to a Public Bill Committee for scrutiny. The Localism Bill Committee took written evidence and heard oral evidence, before considering the Bill clause by clause. As the result the Committee’s consideration of the Bill finished on 10th March (Parliament 2011). There are presented means by which Government will increase the weight of local democracy (Communities and Local Government 13 December 2010): – Devolving significant new powers to councils. New tasks for town halls, freedom and flexibility in government, based on striving to satisfy local people’s needs. Councilors will representative the local residents. Strong local leader will be elected for a term to govern. – Establishing powerful new rights for local people and communities. Local people and communities will have bigger power and they will have more to say over area where they are living. Local people and communities will discuss local problems like new buildings, if it is needed to build shops in area, cultural places (like swimming pools, libraries, medical centers, discos etc.) They will also have the right to veto excessive council tax rises through referendum. – Radically reforming planning. Infrastructure Planning Commission will be replace by local government and public opinion. New estates can’t be build without consent of local residents. – Making housing fairer and more democratic. The Bill will put councils in charge of allocation and tenure of social housing. This will allow to maximum use all social houses for the needs of local people. This institution will also take care of homeless people. – Creating powerful incentives for economic growth. This part gives opportunity to develop local economy. Local government will have bigger share in financing local projects. Local businesses will be able to count on lover taxes. There are many politics’ opinions about New Localism Bill. Decentralisation Minister Greg thinks that the Bill will give new rights allowing local people to create places where they live. He thinks that they know the best what people in their areas need and they will meet the expectations of people and their neighborhood (Communities and Local Government 13 December 2010). Housing Minister Grand Shapps talk about new chance for social housing market. It is time to change whole system, build it from scratch. Government should use vision and ambitions local authorities. Grant Shapps notes that council will now be able to manage social housing in a way that provide local people calm and save live, in spite of poor household budget, as long as they need it (Communities and Local Government 13 December 2010). Third opinion is delivered by Communities Minister Andrew Stunell, one of the most important feature is that in the New Localism Bill the power will be put in the hands of rea l people, empowering local communities and placement heart of decision making it their hands. Each decision will go out of their initiative, depending on the needs of society (Communities and Local Government 13 December 2010). In all featured opinions decentralisation is presented as a major step to improve the quality of human life. 2.5. The Localism Bill and social housing The Bill will give more power and control to local council. Local council can make more decisions during housing and planning processes. It will be easier to help people to social house. Local government knows better needs of residents. Local authorities will determine who can apply for social house. Any complains about landlords will be dealt also by local authorities. New Localism Bill will also provide for a new form of flexible tenure for social housing tenants (Parliament 2011). Minister for Housing and Local Government Grand Shapps presented details of new Localism Bill in his article â€Å"Localisms Bill and social housing† (Communities and Local Government 9 December 2010). Government is going to increase number of Affordable Rent houses. This model will be offered by Private Registered Providers of Social Housing. The Bill will include many reforms that will devolve greater power and freedoms in decisions making to local councils and neighborhoods. It will also cover planning system and all decisions connected with housing. Affordable Rent will give social landlords more rights in social housing market, this will help to meet the needs of number social houses. In the 2011 it will be shown by The Homes and Communities Agency the document with offers addressed to private landlords which will offer Affordable Rent. The main task for Affordable Rent is to enter new houses on social housing market and the best potential of use public subsidy and houses which exist on the social housing market. Second task is to introduction of a diversified supply, make an alternative to traditional offer. Affordable Rent is located within the definition of social housing in section 68 of the housing and Regeneration Act 2008. Local council will participate in local social housing market. Sale of public houses will be carried out for their knowledge and consents. Housing associations will be able to let an Affordable Rent goods at up to 80% at market rent in the same area and building size. It is determined by the special method of valuation. The Government gave some suggested about greater flexibility to the local authority and housing associations landlords about the types of tenure they can offer to social housing. It is the beginning of new ideas in social housing area, Housing associations can offer their houses (Affordable Rent) for specified time but also for whole life time. Government is still working to make Affordable Rent as easy and friendly for people as it is possible (Communities and Local Government 9 December 2010). 3. Conclusion The shape of social housing depends on situation in country. From the beginning of first social houses to this time it has changed many times. In student’s opinion it is hard to answer for question: â€Å"Are we at the end of Social Housing?† yes or not, but he will try. Needed people can rely on government in difficult situations. But government must classify who can get place in social houses. The country’s budget creates also quality of help, number of new building social houses and shape of future politics in this aspect. Nowadays government is looking for savings in many areas, unfortunately also in the social housing. Social help from government depends on prosperity of the country’s financial, richest countries have got well developed social assistance. That is why on this marked in Britain came many private landlords with their offers. In student’s opinion it is not the end of social housing in Britain. It has just changed the kind of help due to recession. During whole history of the social housing there were many changes. The social housing had change from small people’s philanthropy to very wide state venture. The budget of this venture was also different in each time. In difficult time for country like war social housing system was working, people were living in social houses, they had assistance from government in the form of house. Of course it is understandable that it is not enough number of the social houses. That is why government is going to control families financial situation, when it is better the place should be vacate for next family (Wintour 2010). One idea hasn’t changed during this social housing history, that it is made to make world better and help people, it doesn’t meter who is the house owner but how people in this house feel. Author hope that it will be continue and it will not change in the future time. 4. References Shelter The housing and homelessness charity (2009) ‘What is social housing?’ [online] available from [25 September 2009] Greenhalgh, S. , Moss, J. (2009) ‘Principles for Social Housing Reform’. London: Localis, 17-24 Parliament (2011) ‘Localism Bill 2010-2011’ [online] available from [10 March 2011] Communities and Local Government (2010) ‘Localism Bill starts a new era of people power’ [online] available from http://www.communities.gov.uk/news/newsroom/1794971 [13 December 2010] Communities and Local Government (2010) ‘Localism Bill and social housing’ [online] available from http://www.communities.gov.uk/statements/corporate/localismbillsocial housing [9 December 2010] Wintour, P. (2010) ‘David Cameron announces plan to the end lifetime council tenancies’ [online] available from [3 August 2010] BBC News Politics (2010) ‘Social housing budget ‘to be cut in half’ [online] available from [19 October 2010] Macmillan, R. (2010) ‘Analysis of social housing policy shake-up spelling end of ‘home for life’’ available from [22 November 2010] How to cite Are we at the end of social housing?, Essay examples

Morning star Essay Example For Students

Morning star Essay This passage is shortly after Elie and his father have arrived at Birkenau camp, and are now going to be transferred to Auschwitz. The main themes that are developed in this short passage is the loss of self-identity, hope, disbelief and the swiftness with which everything occurs, although there is one short paragraph that demonstrates some relief and humor that Elie finds in his neighbors. The page has two white spaces that separate several paragraphs, and they usually signify a transition from hopeless thoughts to the beginning of a new day or a different train of thought. Much of the literary style used reflects some of the themes present in the passage. For example, as they are leaving their barrack, the line Disinfection. Everybody soaked in it. Then came a hot shower. All very fast, gives the effect of hurriedness and panic by using a single word and abrupt, harsh narrative that gets straight to the point, and this is then emphasized further by the statement All very fast, which mirrors the literary style and the rapidity of events. This use of quick, short lines makes it seem as though it is all happening so fast that theres only time to think in this shortened note form, which stresses the feeling of panic and blur that Elie is experiencing. In the next paragraph, the sudden use of casual, carefree style as he describes the appearance of the inmates mismatched clothing as pretty strange! puts us off guard and provides some relief from the hurried panic that had just occurred moments ago, however it is almost like an oxymoron in context with the lines preceding it, which are In a few seconds, we had ceased to be men. Had the situation not been so tragic, we might have laughed. Elie is saying that due to their mismatched clothing they no longer looked like men, but the situation was unfit for laughing, and yet with this simple statement, and the use of such informal language contradicts what he just stated and lightens the tragic mood. The syntax of the line is also important as Elie could have chosen to write quite strange, but instead it is pretty strange, as this is more intimate and friendly, and that effectively adds humor to their situation. However, in the following line, Elies father, whos eyes were veiled, seems to be hiding something, perhaps his feelings about their situation, and this metaphor is used to set an uneasy mood, the beginnings of the sense of hopelessness as we wonder why his fathers eyes are veiled. The next paragraph begins to describe Elies first feelings of absolute hopelessness, loss of his own identity and loss of faith. In the first line, Elie narrates, The night had passed completely. The morning star shone in the sky. I too had become a different person. The student of Talmud, the child I was, had been consumed by the flames, and there are many hidden meanings in this paragraph through the use of certain literary techniques. The passing of night is used as a metaphor to refer to himself, and it suggests that perhaps with the passing of night, it was also a passing of himself and the boy he used to be had completely gone with the night, to be replaced with a different person. This also reflects the theme of swiftness, as it portrays how in just the passing of a single night Elie had begun to change into someone different. Furthermore, Elie once again uses a very harsh and abrupt style when narrating The night had passed completely. The morning star shone in the sky. I too had become a different person, with each line following after the other in rapid succession, and this is possibly used to reflect his feelings at the time; feelings of emptiness and hopelessness, and also how everything that led to this situation had happened with quick succession also. .uf5e209326b5d48aee28a4a6bf79037c0 , .uf5e209326b5d48aee28a4a6bf79037c0 .postImageUrl , .uf5e209326b5d48aee28a4a6bf79037c0 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uf5e209326b5d48aee28a4a6bf79037c0 , .uf5e209326b5d48aee28a4a6bf79037c0:hover , .uf5e209326b5d48aee28a4a6bf79037c0:visited , .uf5e209326b5d48aee28a4a6bf79037c0:active { border:0!important; } .uf5e209326b5d48aee28a4a6bf79037c0 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uf5e209326b5d48aee28a4a6bf79037c0 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uf5e209326b5d48aee28a4a6bf79037c0:active , .uf5e209326b5d48aee28a4a6bf79037c0:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uf5e209326b5d48aee28a4a6bf79037c0 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uf5e209326b5d48aee28a4a6bf79037c0 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uf5e209326b5d48aee28a4a6bf79037c0 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uf5e209326b5d48aee28a4a6bf79037c0 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uf5e209326b5d48aee28a4a6bf79037c0:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uf5e209326b5d48aee28a4a6bf79037c0 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uf5e209326b5d48aee28a4a6bf79037c0 .uf5e209326b5d48aee28a4a6bf79037c0-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uf5e209326b5d48aee28a4a6bf79037c0:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The adjective melodramatic EssayIn addition to this, the morning star that shone in the sky after the passing of night could be a metaphor for the flames that had consumed the part of Elie that was the student of Talmud, signifying the emptiness inside him and the feelings of the loss of faith. Elie then narrates to us in the next paragraph how he felt like everything had happened so fast that it was almost like a dream and how it was almost too horrifying to believe. The use of abrupt syntax and rhetoric in the lines When had we left our home? And the ghetto? And the train? Only a week ago? One night? One single night? exaggerates the sense of a loss of time and disbelief at the swiftness of events how so many distressing things had happened to him and his father in just one single night. He also uses tautology in the following lines when questioning himself how long theyd been standing in the cold, One hour? A single hour? Sixty minutes? , and again this emphasizes the sense of disbelief at how time went by so fast because of everything that happened to them. Lastly, following after this use of tautology, Elie simply writes Surely it was a dream as a single line beneath the previous paragraph, which is then separated from the next paragraph by a white space, and this not only suggests how Elie feels lost and alone, but its also like a statement to reassure himself that nothing has happened and hes really just dreaming it all up. The use of white space directly after this single statement suggests a shift from one train of thought to another, or the emergence from his reverie of disbelief as the next paragraph is still in the same day but on a different subject. It also puts into perspective how terrified he feels about such a dramatic shift in his life happening in such a short time. In conclusion, Elie uses many different literary techniques and styles such as the abrupt, almost note form of narrative, metaphors, rhetoric, tautology and the use of white space to depict his experiences and his feelings of emptiness, loss of identity and faith, and disbelief in everything thats happened.